The Ethical Basis For Ecosystem Management Essays - Systems Ecology

The Ethical Basis for Ecosystem Management Andrew J. Green Ecosystem Management: The Human Dimension Establishing an environmental ethic is of utmost concern to the human species to better comprehend our place in the world and our potentials for the future. In doing so, we must extend our thinking of rights and responsibilities. I believe we must incorporate not only a temporal component, but also a spatial understanding of the world as an organic biotic community and how consumption is a part of the natural order. Aldo Leopold believes that conservation ethics must be rooted in a determination: A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community. It is wrong when it tends otherwise. I would like to start with Leopold's statement, and further explore how the definitions of integrity, stability and beauty can be better understood given three corollary's: 1. All organic entities must consume to survive it is not only a right, but a responsibility 2. There are limited resources to be consumed by organic entities on the planet 3. The human species has the ability, through rational thought, to conserve ever-depleting resources Leopold's ethic attempts to extend what is of human, moral concern to include animals, ecosystems, and endangered species. How can this concern be expressed in today's society? I see one problem with this argument in that there is little discussion about power and influence that is inherent in current definitions of rights. Therefore, I will introduce the notion that organic entities, those that depend on the consumption of energy for survival, must retain the right to consume resources to survive. Notions of right and wrong now have no standing it is a fact that organic entities must consume to maintain life. I will turn to Callicott for some discussion of limits and to the Second Law of Thermodynamics as a moral decree to conservation. The resources for survival are diverse and limited, and we must explore more fully the components of a biotic community as a whole to explore our moral limits. Community components Organic entities exist (i.e. live) in an interdependent organic community. This viewpoint will examine components of the world which are necessary to maintain organic life. Biological entities are not the only things that require consumption in these organic communities: Fire consumes oxygen as well as organic entities, the atmosphere consumes radiation from the sun, water consumes through the removal of essential oxygen to those that require it, and the earth consumes through convection. The earth, itself, does nothing more than recycle energy. Inorganic earth, water and air are also methods of transportation within the consumption community. Temporally, to better understand the interconnectedness with other entities we must look at humanities history through the ancestry of the land. Leopold described the rings on a fallen tree to show where, at different points in time, it may have been affected by other forces of consumption. We can see this in a ring that is charred black due to a fire over one hundred years ago, or where romantic lovers etched their names in its sturdy frame. However, when we examine things at the microscopic level, a rich picture emerges that relates our biological history with nature. Leopold writes of this through the Odyssey of Particle X: In the flash of a century the rock decayed, and X was pulled out and up into a world of living things. He helped build a flower, which became an acorn, which fattened a deer which fed an Indian, all in a single year. The human sensory methods of discovery tend to miss many relationships between organic entities. We tend to miss a lot of things when we are not actually living in nature as well. The modern market-driven consumer society is very different from the consumer community of the totality of organic entities on the earth and quite possible less complex. We tend not only to consume resources, but technology allows us to build things that consume resources just in the production process itself. These, in turn, produce forms of energy that can then be consumed by human beings as a species. Finite energy resources Up until now, I have neglected the inorganic life that abounds on the planet. I

Free Essays on Kkk Danger To Society

IS THE KKK A THREAT TO THE SOCIETY IN THE U.S The Ku Klux Klan or also known as the â€Å"K.K.K† is a dangerous threat to the society of The United States. This group has the soul purpose to violently hurt anyone who disagrees with their white supremacy. The KKK is a group of racist non-ethical human beings who should not be a part of our society. The Ku Klux Klan was founded in Pulaski, Tennessee, in 1865-1866 by six confederate veterans. This group started off as a small social organization, which later turned into a massive, hate organization. In Tennessee this became a group of violent people who would kill others if they appeared to threaten the movement of white supremacy. The common tactics and goals of the KKK were to do whatever they could to stop racial reform. They wore infamous white hoods and white clothes, and mainly rode at night like an underground army. African Americans, of course, were the main targets of Klan violence. The Klan wanted to really separate the African American culture away from their own society, especially at the end of slavery. Klan groups patrolled the roads especially at night to try to stop the movement of black families. They punished blacks that were defiant of white supremacy. To me that is so harsh because no black person is going to be in favor of white supremacy. A horrible display of Klan violence happened in 1963 when four black school children were killed as they attempted to attend a mass in a Birmingham church. Around this time many Klan attacks were happening resulting in the deaths of dozens and dozens of U.S citizens. The KKK is an awful group in the United States that is not getting any smaller. There are about three million Klan members in The United States today. The KKK is out of control and has to be brought to an end, but there are so many members it would be impossible. The KKK brings fear to my eyes, because it’s not just blacks they are after but itï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Kkk Danger To Society Free Essays on Kkk Danger To Society IS THE KKK A THREAT TO THE SOCIETY IN THE U.S The Ku Klux Klan or also known as the â€Å"K.K.K† is a dangerous threat to the society of The United States. This group has the soul purpose to violently hurt anyone who disagrees with their white supremacy. The KKK is a group of racist non-ethical human beings who should not be a part of our society. The Ku Klux Klan was founded in Pulaski, Tennessee, in 1865-1866 by six confederate veterans. This group started off as a small social organization, which later turned into a massive, hate organization. In Tennessee this became a group of violent people who would kill others if they appeared to threaten the movement of white supremacy. The common tactics and goals of the KKK were to do whatever they could to stop racial reform. They wore infamous white hoods and white clothes, and mainly rode at night like an underground army. African Americans, of course, were the main targets of Klan violence. The Klan wanted to really separate the African American culture away from their own society, especially at the end of slavery. Klan groups patrolled the roads especially at night to try to stop the movement of black families. They punished blacks that were defiant of white supremacy. To me that is so harsh because no black person is going to be in favor of white supremacy. A horrible display of Klan violence happened in 1963 when four black school children were killed as they attempted to attend a mass in a Birmingham church. Around this time many Klan attacks were happening resulting in the deaths of dozens and dozens of U.S citizens. The KKK is an awful group in the United States that is not getting any smaller. There are about three million Klan members in The United States today. The KKK is out of control and has to be brought to an end, but there are so many members it would be impossible. The KKK brings fear to my eyes, because it’s not just blacks they are after but itï ¿ ½...

Hamlet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Hamlet - Essay Example Thesis statement: In the play The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, the protagonist (Hamlet) never goes beyond the antic disposition into insanity because he knew that he can makes use of the same to keep himself away from emotional outburst, to maintain him emotional equilibrium, not to arouse suspicion on his motive, to confuse his enemies, to regain his mother from his uncle, and to take revenge of his father’s unexpected assassination. The following section is broadly divided as: protagonist and insanity, pretended insanity and emotional outburst, pretended insanity and emotional equilibrium, pretended insanity and suspicion on motive, as a tool to confuse enemies, pretension to regain mother’s trust, and pretended insanity and revenge. First of all, insanity can be defined as abnormal behavior originating from less control over one’s senses. Besides, insanity is generally considered as a temporary mental illness originating from the mental shock related to unexpected happenings in human life. Edward Charles Spitzka stated that, â€Å"Insanity is a term applied to certain results of brain disease and defect which invalidate mental integrity† (17). Normally, insanity is considered a temporary mental problem which can be cured within the help of medical treatment. On the other side, hereditary factors determine whether insanity will transform into permanent madness or not. Within the context of the play, the protagonist’s insanity is false because he depended upon it to trick his enemies. For instance, the protagonist knew that his life is danger because nobody in Denmark can be trusted the king (Claudius) is that much influential. In addition, the protagonist was aware of that the king will ignore him because there is nothing to be afraid of an insane person. Still, there is a serious problem related to the pretension of madness because the layer between sanity and insanity

Organizational Culture of Ritz-Carlton Research Paper

Organizational Culture of Ritz-Carlton - Research Paper Example Some organizations encourage their employees to be more innovative and to take more risks than other organizations.The second characteristic of organizational culture is attention to detail. This characteristic of organizational culture explains the degree to which a corporation encourages its employees to be precise in their work and to pay close attention to details.  The third characteristic of organization culture is outcome orientation. This characteristic of organizational culture explains the degree to which the management of a corporation focuses on the outcomes, rather than on the processes that brings about the outcome.The fourth characteristic of organizational culture is people orientation. This characteristic of organizational culture explains the degree to which the management of an organization focuses on the effect that the activities and the decisions made by the management of an organization will have on the people within the organization.The fifth characteristic of organizational culture is team orientation. This characteristic of organizational culture explains the degree to which work activities within an organization are organized around teams, rather than individuals.The sixth characteristic of organizational culture is aggressiveness.   This characteristic of organizational culture explains the degree to which an organization encourages its employees to be aggressive or adventurous, and competitive.The seventh characteristic of organization culture is stability.

Object Oriented Databases Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Object Oriented Databases - Research Paper Example This paper has discussed some of the major advantages and disadvantages of object oriented databases in comparison with relational database management systems. An object oriented database stores data and information in the form of objects. Actually, OODBMS stores objects instead of data, such as real numbers, strings and integers. These databases are believed to be very useful for businesses when they have huge data and high performance is required. There are a number of languages that support objects, for instance C++, Java and Smalltalk. In fact, these languages provide an excellent support for modeling, inheritance and creating objects of the data. In addition, OODBMS allow developers to extend the capabilities of the programming languages such as control the consistencies, easy data recovery and improved database features (Rouse 2005, Stajano 1998, Bagui 2003). Basically, OODBMS store data in the form of objects, which consist of attributes and methods. A method is used to graphically demonstrate the objects. Normally, unified modeling language (UML) is used to demonstrate these objects. In addition, data stored in a database have some characteristics, which are called attributes. For instance, a ball is an object and its attributes are its color and its shapes. Similarly, the operations or functions that an object performs on data are called methods. For instance, a doctor performs some actions to check their patients and these actions are known as method (WBT-Master Server Map 2014, Carlsson 2003, Atkinson, et al. 2003). â€Å"A relational database stores data in the form of a set of appropriately defined tables from which data could be reassembled or accessed in a lot of diverse means without reorganizing the database tables† (Stajano 1998). E. F. Codd invented the relational database at IBM in 1970. Additionally, a relational database is a collection of tables holding data fitted into properly arranged groups. Every table (that is sometimes acknowledged

Beauty Beast Nature

Beauty Beast Nature Beauty and the Beast Romantic writers could be the Disney writers of â€Å"Beauty and the Beast.† Their â€Å"beauty† shows in their love of nature and their will to preserve it; the â€Å"beast† is not the writer but their audience. The readers were monsters in the writers eyes because of their lack of love and appreciation for Gods great creation, Mother Nature. William Wordsworths works, such as â€Å"The World Is Too Much with Us† and â€Å"Nutting,† show his love for nature and his will to protect it; he uses word play and creative approaches to show the deep appreciation he has for the beauty of nature. William Wordsworths â€Å"The World Is Too Much with Us† paints the perfect â€Å"beauty and the beast† portrait. New York comes to mind after reading this work. The world is too much with us; late and soon,†¦ The first line depicts everyone rushing to work because they are â€Å"late† and they also want everything as fast or as â€Å"soon† as they can get it. People have become very impatient and ignore or take out their anger on those around them. In this case nature has become abused and neglected. Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers: Little we see in Nature that is ours; Everyone wants to spend their hard earned money; however, they cannot spare ten minutes to take a walk through Central Park and reconnect with nature. The great appreciation of nature that our ancestors had is being lost. Our great power has been tossed aside or â€Å"wasted† as Wordsworth has put it. Line four: We have given our hearts away,†¦ shows how human have lost their love for nature. Wordsworth wishes we still had a dependant love for the earth. Humans once relied so much on the earth that they would never think to destroy it. Now our minds are focused on more materialistic things. †¦we are out of tune; It moves us not.—Great God! Our world is like an old piano playing out of tune when the world is not taken care of. Peoples actions create a cut in the earths skin that may never be repaired. Wordsworth, like other Romantic writers, expresses how upset he has become with people for building our nature over Mother Nature. This work also shows how much he loves the world, Mother Nature, and cannot understand why people do not recognize natures wonders that are right in front of their face. People today forget to â€Å"stop and smell the roses.† Wordsworth takes a different approach in â€Å"Nutting† to express his deep appreciation of nature, a more exotic approach. This work uses sights and sounds found in nature; however, their true meaning is hidden. The hidden forms of natural words used have a deeper meaning, more sensual or sexual. For example, phrases such as â€Å"†¦fairy water-breaks,† â€Å"dragged to earth,† â€Å"†¦shady nook,† and â€Å"†¦spirit in the woods† all have to do with some element of nature. When those phrases are paired with other phrases such as â€Å"†¦Through beds,† â€Å"†¦Forced my way,† â€Å"†¦Tall and erect,† â€Å"†¦virgin scene,† and â€Å"†¦Voluptuous† seem to give this work of an innocent young man venturing into the woods to gather hazel nuts a more sexual meaning. The following passage is a perfect example of Wordsworth mixing nature and sex. †¦but the hazels rose Tall and erect, with tempting clusters hung, A virgin scene! This work also shows harm as a way to save. For example, the young man broking the branch to let light hit the floor of the woods. The young man harmed the tree by breaking the branch; however, he saved many other plants and insects by allowing light to hit the floor of the woods. This has been depicted in the following passages from the work: †¦Then up I rose, And dragged to earth both branch and bough, with crash And merciless ravage:†¦ I felt slight pain when beheld The silent trees, and saw introducing sky. The young man could be seen as a â€Å"beast† for harming nature, but in this case he is not because he was saving other natural elements. â€Å"Nutting† not only shows Wordsworths love for nature in a plant and animal aspect but it also shows human nature. Humans are sexual and that is secretly expressed in the word choices Wordsworth used. Wordsworths appreciation for nature is shown in the â€Å"colorful† words he uses to bring the work to life. The Norton Anthology states Wordsworths works â€Å"Both insist that nature—the external world experienced through the senses and the containing pattern assumed beyond that world—offers the possibility of wisdom to combat the pain inherent in human growth.† That sentence combines all of Wordsworths ideas of the natural world with human nature or growth. He shows anger towards those destroying the worlds natural beauty; however, if destruction of natural beauty is needed to help another form of nature survive than destruction is called for.

Fosters Accounting Assignment :: essays research papers

I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. Founded in 1888, Foster’s group is the result of a long history of amalgamations. Nowadays, regarded as a premium global multi-beverages company, Foster’s group possesses three main operating arms: Beringer Blass Wine Estate, Carlton and United Beverages, Foster’s Brewing International. The group delivers premium branded beers, wine spirits and entertainment products. With US$5.2 billion in total operating revenue, Foster’s group’s operates in Australia, New Zealand, China, California, Italy, Chile, Vietnam, India and Fiji. Besides, its products are sold in over 150 countries around the world. The report has analyzed the financial performance and financial stability of Foster’s Group over a three years period that is from 2002 to 2004 included. The Ratio Analysis technique was used to conduct the report. Therefore, comparison with industry averages and Coca Cola Amatil supplemented the analysis to complement the results. In 2002, it was found that profitability had increased significantly compared to 2001, this was mainly due to Foster’s group policy in expending its distribution and sales worldwide and Forster’s European partnership which increased its income. However, 2003 showed smaller profitability than 2002 mainly due to a non profitable foreign exchange rate, tough competition in California, adverse trading conditions in the US and the impact of global events restricting travels, tourism and leisure activities (Swan, 2003: 5). Foster’s group did however generate greater amount of operating cash flows, and made a considerable amount of acquisitions. In 2004, Profitability ratios did however increase but that was due to the selling off of ALH (Australia Leisure Hospitality) that generated $1.5 billion, â€Å"Excluding the impact of significant items, net profit after tax was $469.4 million, a decrease of 17.4% over the previous year’s result† (Foster’s Audit, 2004:61). On the three year basis, when compared to the industry averages, the stability ratios are actually lower, but when they are compared to Coca Cola Amatil the ratios are actually similar and even a bit higher. Due to the accumulation of consistent profits over the years, both companies do not need as much financial leverage as other companies would, which reflects the stability of the company. In fact, those companies rely more on equity than debt to generate their assets. Overall, Foster’s group is a relatively stable and performing enterprise. The results show that Foster’s performance and stability have moved in accordance to outside world events. However, the company continues to maintain its position as a leading group in the beverages industry. II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  QUALITY, SCOPE, USEFULNESS,FORMAT AND READABILITY OF THE MOST RECENT ANNUAL REPORT.